Efectos de las energías renovables sobre las aves esteparias
SEO/BirdLife acaba de publicar el informe "De lo eco-ilógico a lo responsable: planificar las energías renovables para proteger la biodiversidad" - Informe actualizado que muestra ejemplos en el territorio sobre los impactos de las instalaciones energéticas renovables cuando su ubicación no respeta el territorio ni la vida silvestre.
De lectura fácil y rápida, destaco aquí una síntesis de los efectos de los proyectos fotovoltaicos sobre las aves esteparias que menciona este documento.
Easy and quick to read, here is a summary of the effects of photovoltaic projects on steppe birds as mentioned in the document:
Habitat destruction: These large-scale projects require vast areas of land, leading to the alteration or destruction of ecologically valuable zones. Steppe and agricultural habitats, critical for threatened species like the great bustard, little bustard, and black-bellied sandgrouse, are particularly affected.
Habitat fragmentation: The construction and occupation of land, along with associated infrastructure such as access roads and power lines, modify the soil, reduce ecosystem connectivity, and cause species isolation. The effects of perimeter fencing surrounding the installations must also be considered.
Reduction of foraging areas: Infrastructure-related disturbances cause some species to avoid these areas, reducing the space available for feeding and reproduction.
Cumulative and synergistic effects: When multiple projects are installed in the same area, environmental impacts accumulate and may interact, amplifying the damage. For example, combining a solar farm with other projects can further fragment a species' habitat, hindering its movement and access to resources. The local extinction of the black-bellied sandgrouse in Almería has been documented due to poorly planned photovoltaic plant deployment.
Collisions with power lines: Birds may also collide with power lines used to evacuate energy from photovoltaic farms.
SEO/BirdLife's 10 Key Principles:
The organization proposes ten guiding principles, including:
- Inclusive transition: Ensure real participation of all stakeholders.
- Planned development: Use zoning to prioritize degraded areas and avoid ecologically valuable zones.
- Science-based approach: Conduct ongoing research to inform decisions.
- Transparency: Guarantee access to information.
- Fairness: Ensure no one is left behind.
- Comprehensive vision: Address the entire energy system.
- Decentralization: Promote models that empower rural areas.
- Democracy: Involve the whole of society.
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